Disturbed by the prospect of religious conflict in its increasingly diverse public school system, the Ames General Assembly passes a law prohibiting the wearing of religious ornamentation at school, defined as any "item of clothing, headgear, jewelry, or other accessory worn on the body that symbolizes, announces, advertises, or signifies attachment to a particular religion, religious sect, or denomination." If challenged, the law would likely be:
a. Upheld, as a neutral, generally applicable law that applies to all religious attire.
b. Upheld, because while public schools could permit religious clothing to be worn without violating the Establishment Clause, they are not required to permit the wearing of religious clothing as a matter of free exercise.
c. Invalidated, because it targets religious, but not secular, conduct or belief.
d. Invalidated, because it burdens religious belief or conduct.