Under the independent source exception to the exclusionary rule, evidence seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment is:
1) Inadmissible if the defendant can show that that the police could have obtained sufficient probable cause to obtain a warrant had they sought out an independent source.
2) Admissible if the police can demonstrate that the evidence was also obtained through independent and lawful means.
3) Admissible if the evidence was obtained inadvertently during the execution of a valid warrant.
4) Inadmissible unless the police officers can retrace their investigation and establish that probable cause to seize the evidence had been established but not properly articulated.