In effect, Charles de Gaulle's creation of a "French Commonwealth" in Africa was
a) an attempt to undermine Great Britain and destroy the European Common
Market (the early incarnation of the European Union).
b) a divide-and-rule strategy designed to encourage Africans to keep their
connection with France.
c) an attempt to take over British possessions in Africa.
d) a plan to grant complete independence to former African colonies as quickly
as possible.