A nurse caring for a patient who needs common swallowing precautions would optimally position the patient as follows:
a. Elevated head-of-bed to a maximum of 25° always
b. Elevated head-of-bed to a minimum of 45°-90° during feeding
c. Continuous head-of-bed elevation of at least 30°-45°
d. Continuous head-of-bed elevation of at least 30°