Mr. Avalos, a first-grade teacher, knows and understands that young readers and writers benefit from a rich language and literacy environment to build their comprehension skills. For this reason, Mr. Avalos
a. teaches CVC words with extended practice activities during the phonics portion of his literacy block.
b. provides oral language and listening experiences through reading aloud and journal writing.
c. implements independent silent reading during the literacy block.
d. includes songs to support students' recall of spelling rules.