Which of the following is true of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka? A. It declared that segregated schools were inherently separate and unequal. B. It established that all citizens should have access to public education. C. It ruled that desegregation was a state issue, but that segregation was a federal issue. D. It ruled that segregation should proceed with "all deliberate speed."

The Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka declared that segregated schools were inherently separate and unequal (A). The Court ruled that the segregation of public schools violated the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause and therefore was unconstitutional and had to be struck down. This was a landmark decision and begun the process of desegregating schools across the American South.

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MrZieleniewo MrZieleniewo · Answer 2 · 2019-01-29T22:15:49-05:00

Correct answer: A. It declared that segregated schools were inherently separate and unequal.

That was the decision in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case. Brown v. Board of Education II (1955) ruled that desegregation should proceed "with all deliberate speed."

Details/explanation:

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, decided by the US Supreme Court in 1954, ruled that all Americans are entitled to the same civil liberties and protections in regard to access to education. Until that decision, it was legal to segregate schools according to race, so that black students could not attend the same schools as white students. An older Supreme Court decision, Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), had said that separate, segregated public facilities were acceptable as long as the facilities offered were equal in quality. In the case of Brown v. Board of Education, that standard was challenged and defeated. Segregation was shown to create inequality, and the Supreme Court unanimously ruled segregation to be unconstitutional.

The ruling was important in advancing civil rights because it affirmed that the 14th Amendment applies to all rights and privileges of citizens, including access to education. This was being violated by states whose laws supported the segregation of schools. Section 1 of the 14th Amendment reads as follows:

All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.