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The sum of and interaction between all living beings.The biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living organisms and their relationships. The interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere is also included. The biosphere, we know today, has evolved for 3.5 billion years.The biosphere covers most of the planet and stretches from the deep ocean to the highest mountain tops. Microorganisms also live deep beneath the surface of the Earth.The biosphere is divided into different biomes. Each of these consist of species that are related in their ability to cope with a specific climate. Biomes are separated by latitude. Arctic and Antacrtic biomes are vastly different from tropical biomes, for example.Climate change influences the distribution of these biomes and to some extent displaces them.The biosphere is an important reservoir in the carbon cycle and has a very significant impact on climate through release and removal of CO2 from the atmosphere.
Earth is the only place in the universe where life is known to exist. The planet's lifeforms are sometimes said to form a "biosphere". This biosphere is generally believed to have begun evolving about 3.5 billion (3.5×109) years ago. The biosphere is divided into a number of biomes, inhabited by broadly similar flora and fauna. On land, biomes are separated primarily by latitude. Terrestrial biomes lying within the Arctic and Antarctic Circles are relatively barren of plant and animal life, while most of the more populous biomes lie near the Equator.

From the broadest geophysiological point of view, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere (rocks), hydrosphere (water), and atmosphere (air). Earth is the only place where life is known to exist. This biosphere is generally thought to have evolved beginning, through a process of biogenesis or biopoesis, at least some 3.5 billion years ago.

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