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Lincoln-Douglas Debate –Stephen A. Douglas
Source: An excerpt from Stephen A. Douglas’s argument in the first Lincoln-Douglas debate at Ottawa, Illinois, August 21, 1858. If you desire negro citizenship, if you desire to allow them to come into the State and settle with the white man, if you desire them to vote on an equality with yourselves, and to make them eligible to office, to serve on juries, and to adjudge your rights, then support Mr. Lincoln and the Black Republican party, who are in favor of the citizenship of the negro. For one, I am opposed to negro citizenship in any and every form. I believe this government was made on the white basis. I believe it was made by white men, for the benefit of white men and their posterity forever, and I am in favor of confining citizenship to white men, men of European birth and descent, instead of conferring it upon negroes, Indians, and other inferior races. Mr. Lincoln, following the example and lead of all the little Abolition orators who go around and lecture in the basements of schools and churches, reads from the Declaration of Independence that all men were created equal, and then asks how can you deprive a negro of that equality which God and the Declaration of Independence award to him? He and they maintain that negro equality is guaranteed by the laws of God, and that it is asserted in the Declaration of Independence. If they think so, of course they have a right to say so, and so vote. I do not question Mr. Lincoln’s conscientious belief that the negro was made his equal, and hence is his brother; but for my own part, I do not regard the negro as my equal, and positively deny that he is my brother or any kin to me whatever. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln ran against Stephen A. Douglas for a seat in the U.S. Senate. The two engaged in a series of seven public debates, which attracted national attention. Although Lincoln lost the election, he became widely known for his views on slavery.
Questions:
1. What are two things that Douglas warns will happen if Lincoln is elected?
2. Based on this document, what do you think Douglas’s views were on African Americans?



Answer :

MsEleanor
1. Blacks will be given citizenship and white rights will be reduced.
He states at the beginning the intent of Lincoln to give blacks citizenship, the right to vote, and make them equal to whites which in turn Douglass argues will reduce the rights of whites.

2. Douglass believed that blacks were not an equal race to whites and therefore were incapable of citizenship and equal rights to white men.
He believed, as many did at the time, that race was biological and each race was inferior or superior to another. He believed whites from Europe were the superior race to all others and therefore should have the rights guaranteed by the American government.

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