Answer: D) chalk : teacher.
Explanation: an analogy is a comparison between one thing and another, usually with the purpose of explanation or clarification, this comparison is based on one similarity or difference between specific features of two things. The relation between the first pair of words "ruler" and "carpenter" is that the first word is a tool, and the second one is a job (the carpenter uses the ruler). The pair of words that follows this same relation, is "chalk" and "teacher" (the teacher uses the chalk).