Answer :
To measure the volume using a graduated cylinder with a calibration of 100 mL, follow these steps to ensure precision:
1. **Read at Eye Level**: Make sure your eyes are at the same level as the meniscus (the curved surface of the liquid) to avoid parallax errors.
2. **Use Proper Technique**: Gently pour the liquid into the cylinder to avoid splashing and ensure an accurate measurement.
3. **Record the Initial Reading**: Note the initial volume by reading the bottom of the meniscus at eye level. Record this value.
4. **Read the Volume**: To get a precise measurement, align the bottom of the meniscus with the calibration markings on the cylinder.
5. **Check for Air Bubbles**: Ensure there are no air bubbles in the liquid, as they can affect the accuracy of the measurement. If there are bubbles, gently tap the cylinder to release them.
6. **Finalize the Measurement**: Once the meniscus is stable and there are no bubbles, take the final reading by noting the volume where the bottom of the meniscus aligns.
7. **Calculate the Volume**: Subtract the initial volume reading from the final volume reading to determine the volume of the liquid accurately.
By following these steps with care and precision, you can measure the volume effectively using a 100 mL graduated cylinder.
