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The geosynclinal theory, proposed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, suggested that large-scale depressions in the Earth's crust, known as geosynclines, were sites of sediment accumulation and eventually led to the formation of mountain ranges through processes like folding and faulting. It played a significant role in early geological thought but has been largely replaced by plate tectonics theory.

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it is a scientific theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to explain the formation of mountain ranges

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