Read this passage from chapter 5 of The Prince.
There are, for example, the Spartans and the
Romans. The Spartans held Athens and Thebes,
establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost
them. The Romans, in order to hold Capua, Carthage,
and Numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose
them. They wished to hold Greece as the Spartans
held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did
not succeed. So to hold it they were compelled to
dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there
is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by
ruining them. And he who becomes master of a city
accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may
expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has
always the watchword of liberty and its ancient
privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor
benefits will ever cause it to forget. And whatever you
may do or provide against, they never forget that
ง
What text evidence supports Machiavelli's secondary
purpose to inform readers about the tactics Sparta
and Rome used to hold cities and their
effectiveness? Select three options.
the list of cities conquered by Sparta and Rome
the description of how Sparta had held Greece
the explanation of why Rome dismantled Greek
cities
the characterization of liberty as a "watchword" of
rebellion
the example of Pisa rebelling against the
Florentines

In the passage from chapter 5 of "The Prince," Machiavelli discusses the tactics used by Sparta and Rome to hold cities and their effectiveness. Here are the three options that support Machiavelli's secondary purpose:

1. The description of how Sparta had held Greece:
In the passage, Machiavelli describes how the Spartans held Athens and Thebes by establishing an oligarchy but eventually lost control of these cities. This highlights the temporary nature of their rule and sets the stage for discussing the effectiveness of different approaches to maintaining power.

2. The explanation of why Rome dismantled Greek cities:
Machiavelli explains that Rome, in order to hold cities like Capua, Carthage, and Numantia, chose to dismantle them rather than trying to maintain them as they were. This strategic decision by Rome demonstrates the effectiveness of using force and destruction to ensure control over conquered territories.

3. The characterization of liberty as a "watchword" of rebellion:
By referring to liberty as a watchword of rebellion, Machiavelli emphasizes the power of freedom as a rallying point for resistance against rulers. This characterization underscores the challenge faced by conquerors in retaining control over cities accustomed to independence.

By focusing on these aspects of the text, readers can understand Machiavelli's insights into the tactics employed by Sparta and Rome in holding cities and the lessons that can be drawn from their successes and failures in maintaining power.