Self Assessment: Identify the Main Characteristics,
Classifications, and Evolution of Plants
Question 7
The earliest land plants were liverworts, mosses, and ferns. Using the information that you learned in the section, why do you think
that these plants were successful in the humid and moist ancient environment? What about these plants makes them unable to thrive
in areas with drier climates today? What makes angiosperms and gymnosperms more successful in these climates?
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Liverworts, mosses, and ferns thrived in ancient moist environments but struggle in drier climates due to water-dependency for reproduction and turgidity. Angiosperms and gymnosperms are better suited for drier climates with adaptations supporting efficient reproduction and water/nutrient transport.

Explanation:

The earliest land plants, such as liverworts, mosses, and ferns, were successful in humid and moist ancient environments due to their ability to absorb water and nutrients directly through their cells in a damp environment and their reliance on water for sexual reproduction. However, in modern drier climates, these plants struggle because they need water for reproduction and to maintain turgidity, which can be challenging in drier conditions leading to desiccation.

Angiosperms and gymnosperms have adaptations that make them more successful in drier climates. They have evolved structures like flowers, fruits, and seeds that enable efficient reproduction and dispersal in drier environments. Additionally, their vascular tissues help transport water and nutrients efficiently to different parts of the plant, allowing them to thrive in various climates.

Learn more about Plant Adaptations to Moist and Dry Environments here:

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