Answer :
Final answer:
The conditions leading to North American independence in the 18th century were driven by economic grievances of the colonial elite, expeditions contributed to understanding natural resources, and the Enlightenment spurred scientific exploration.
Explanation:
The conditions of life of the population in North America in the 18th century that motivated the proclamation of independence stemmed from various factors. The colonial elite, primarily of European descent, who led the wars for independence, were displeased with the high taxes and trade restrictions imposed by the Spanish and Portuguese crowns. This discontent, coupled with the desire for autonomy and economic freedom, fueled the movement for independence.
Expeditions to the New World in the 18th and 19th centuries were significant in providing insights into natural resources, mapping territories, and contributing to the expansion of knowledge about the region's natural world. These expeditions, involving experts from Europe, criollos, and indigenous people, were instrumental in shaping the understanding and utilization of the colonies' resources.
The Enlightenment era led to scientific exploration, transitioning from conquest-oriented expeditions to ones focused on scientific discovery. This shift marked the end of the conquistador era and the beginning of a time characterized by traders, accountants, and scientists, emphasizing the pursuit of knowledge and economic interests in the colonies.
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