Answer :
Final answer:
NAD+ ions are essential in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle for efficient electron transfer and energy production.
Explanation:
NAD+ ions are vital in the glycolysis process, where they accept electrons produced during the breakdown of glucose. Without NAD+, glycolysis cannot progress effectively. Additionally, during the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), NAD+ plays a crucial role in accepting electrons from various reactions, enabling the production of energy-rich molecules like NADH.
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