Answer :
Final answer:
Irrational thinking involves illogical beliefs causing unnecessary apprehension. Delusions in psychological disorders and disorganized thinking are manifestations of irrationality.
Explanation:
Irrational thinking refers to beliefs that are illogical and create unnecessary apprehension. These beliefs are not based on sound reasoning and can lead to unfounded fears. For example, someone believing they are being followed by aliens despite no evidence supporting this idea.
Delusions are a common manifestation of irrational thinking in certain psychological disorders like schizophrenia. Delusions can take on various themes such as persecutory or grandiose, leading individuals to hold illogical beliefs despite contradictory evidence.
Disorganized thinking is another symptom of irrationality where thoughts and speech patterns lack coherence and logical connections. This can result in tangential speech or derailment, where individuals provide bizarre explanations for things disconnected from reality.
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