Answer :
Final answer:
Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is called 'black gold' due to its significant value and uses in different sectors. It is derived from marine organisms through a process of organic molecule conversion under specific conditions. The refining process of petroleum results in various valuable products crucial for different industries.
Explanation:
Petroleum, commonly known as crude oil, is referred to as "black gold" due to its immense value and usefulness in various industries.
Petroleum is obtained through a process involving the conversion of organic molecules of marine organisms, such as algae and plankton, into hydrocarbons under heat and pressure.
The refinement of petroleum separates constituents by chain length to produce products like gasoline, diesel, and petrochemical feedstock, making petroleum a valuable natural resource.
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