Answer :
The correct answer is:
a. it may involve print.
Phonological awareness refers to the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds in spoken language. It is a critical skill that precedes and supports the development of reading and writing skills. Here's an explanation of each option:
a. **it may involve print.**
 - This statement is not typically true about phonological awareness. Phonological awareness activities focus on oral language skills, such as identifying and manipulating sounds in spoken words. Print awareness, on the other hand, involves understanding the conventions of print, such as letters, words, and sentences. Phonological awareness does not necessarily involve print; it is primarily auditory and oral in nature.
b. **it is a prerequisite for spelling and phonics.**
 - This is true. Phonological awareness skills, such as recognizing rhymes, syllables, and phonemes (individual sounds), are essential foundational skills for learning spelling and phonics rules.
c. **activities can be done by the children with their eyes closed.**
 - This is true. Many phonological awareness activities, such as clapping syllables or identifying initial sounds in words, can be done without visual aids, relying solely on auditory processing.
d. **starts before letter recognition is taught.**
 - This is true. Phonological awareness typically develops before children are introduced to letter recognition and formal phonics instruction. It lays the groundwork for understanding how sounds in language correspond to letters and words.
Therefore, the correct answer is **a. it may involve print**, as phonological awareness primarily focuses on auditory skills related to spoken language rather than print-based activities.
