The nurse considers which pharmacological age-related principle when administering medications or monitoring the effects of medications in the older client? (Select all that apply.)
a) Gastric pH is often decreased in the older client.
b) Decreased cardiac output increases the risk for adverse drug reactions.
c) Mucosal edema can increase the absorption of drugs.
d) Drugs administered intravenously have a faster absorption rate than oral drugs.
e) Dehydration can prolong the half-life of drugs.
