Q1. Describe the following metal forming and joining processes with the aid of sketches. State the main safety precautions necessary in each case:

(i) Green sand molding [4 marks]

(ii) Manual metal arc welding [4 marks]

(iii) Gas welding [4 marks]

Q2. State any five standard diameters and three lengths of the electrodes available in the market. [8 marks]



Answer :

Final answer:

The detailed answer discusses safety precautions for green sand moulding, manual metal arc welding, gas welding, and standard electrode diameters and lengths.


Explanation:

Metal Forming and Joining Processes

  1. Green Sand Moulding: Green sand moulding is a casting process where a mixture of sand, clay, water, and additives is used to create molds. Safety precautions include wearing protective gear like gloves, goggles, and masks to prevent exposure to mold materials and hot metal.
  2. Manual Metal Arc Welding: In manual metal arc welding, an electric arc is used to melt and join metal pieces together. Safety precautions involve proper ventilation to prevent exposure to fumes, wearing welding helmets, gloves, and protective clothing, and ensuring the work area is clear of flammable materials.
  3. Gas Welding: Gas welding involves using a flame fueled by a mixture of oxygen and acetylene to heat and join metals. Safety measures include proper gas cylinder storage, using flame-resistant clothing, and ensuring proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of combustible gases.

Standard Electrode Diameters and Lengths

  • Standard electrode diameters: 1/16", 3/32", 1/8", 5/32", 3/16".
  • Standard electrode lengths: 12", 14", 18".

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