Socialism in early Europe emerged from the workers themselves and was promoted through trade unions, transitioning from utopian ideals to a class-conscious theory by figures like Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Socialism in industrializing Europe primarily stemmed from the workers themselves. The concept of socialism emerged as a response to the harsh living and working conditions faced by laborers during early industrial capitalism. Socialism aimed to address the moral and social decay in European society, advocating for shared wealth and improved community well-being.
During the 19th century, trade unions played a crucial role in promoting socialist ideals and organizing workers for collective action. These unions often rejected individualistic approaches and embraced a socialist framework that focused on addressing the struggles faced by the working class.
Key socialist figures like Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels critiqued earlier utopian socialist ideas by emphasizing the class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Their theories laid the foundation for a more scientific and class-conscious understanding of socialism, based on the inevitable conflict between capital owners and laborers.
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