Answer :
Runes are letters composed of the Runic Alphabet which were used by different German tribes before the adoption of the Latin script. Runic alphabet is phonetic, i.e. each letter corresponds to one sound. There are also Scandinavian variants of the Runic Alphabet, since some of the Scandinavian nations originate from the German tribes. Also, the term Runes is associated with Kalevala, an ancient Scandinavian poem.
The runic alphabet consists of letters known as runes. Before the Latin alphabet, this script was used to write a variety of Germanic languages. The runic alphabet was the earliest created writing system.
What is a writing system?
Any customary system of symbols or signs that expresses a language's utterances is referred to as a writing system. Writing makes language visible; although speech is fleeting, writing is concrete and lasting in comparison.
Thus, Runes are the Germanic alphabets used for writing
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