Answer :
Answer: option (4) the same magnitude and the opposite sign.
Justification:
1) Electrons are negative particles thar are around the nucleus of the atom (in regions called orbitals).
2) Protons are positive particles that are inside the nuclus of the atom.
3) The nucleus of the atom has the same number of protons as electrons are in the orbitals of the atom.
4) The atoms are neutral (neither positive nor negative) because there are the same number of electrons and protons and their charge are of the same magnitude but different sign: (+) + (-) = 0: positive + negative = neutral.
Justification:
1) Electrons are negative particles thar are around the nucleus of the atom (in regions called orbitals).
2) Protons are positive particles that are inside the nuclus of the atom.
3) The nucleus of the atom has the same number of protons as electrons are in the orbitals of the atom.
4) The atoms are neutral (neither positive nor negative) because there are the same number of electrons and protons and their charge are of the same magnitude but different sign: (+) + (-) = 0: positive + negative = neutral.
The charge of a proton and the charge of all electron has (4) the same magnitude and the opposite sign
Further explanation
Inside the atom consists of a nucleus containing 3 basic particles namely protons and neutrons, while electrons circulate the nucleus on a particular path so that electrons are not attracted to the nucleus.
The charge of these three atomic particles is based on the Rutherford experiment. Rutherford experimented with firing alpha rays on a thin gold plate. From this experiment it was found that:
- 1. Most alpha rays are passed through the gold plate, so it is concluded that most of the space in the atom has empty space
- 2. A small number of alpha particles deflected shows there are positively charged particles inside the atom
(at this time these particles are called protons located in the atomic nucleus)
From here comes the Rutherford atomic model which states that atoms consist of positively charged particles (protons) and negatively charged electrons around the nucleus.
The charge of 1 proton is equal to a charge of 1 electron, but the sign is different.
The proton is positively charged (+1), the electron is negatively charged (-1). and neutrons not charged (neutral)
Charge of 1 electron = e = -1.66.10⁻¹⁹ coulomb
Whereas the neutron charge = 0
Learn more
subatomic particles in an atom
https://brainly.com/question/4636746
the three particles of an atom
https://brainly.com/question/439508
neutrons
https://brainly.com/question/10905256
the mass, charge, and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms https://brainly.com/question/3294412
Keywords: protons, neutrons, electrons, subatomic particles, coulomb
